{"product_id":"evocations-of-the-calf","title":"Evocations of the Calf?","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis study proposes that both constitutively and rhetorically (through ironic, inferential, and indirect application), Ps 106(105) serves as the substructure for Paul’s argumentation in Rom 1:18–2:11. Constitutively, Rom 1:18–32 hinges on the triadic interplay between “they (ex)changed” and “God gave them over,” an interplay that creates a sin–retribution sequence with an \u003cem\u003ea-ba-ba-b\u003c\/em\u003e pattern. Both elements of this pattern derive from Ps 106(105):20, 41a respectively. Rhetorically, Paul \u003cem\u003eironically\u003c\/em\u003e applies the psalmic language of idolatrous “(ex)change” and God’s subsequent “giving-over” to Gentiles. Aiding this ironic application is that Paul has cast his argument in the mold of Hellenistic Jewish polemic against Gentile idolatry and immorality, similar to Wis 13–15. In Rom 2:1–4, however, Paul \u003cem\u003einferentially\u003c\/em\u003e incorporates a hypocritical Jewish interlocutor into the preceding sequence through the charge of doing the “same,” a charge that recalls Israel’s sins recounted in Ps 106(105). This incorporation then gives way to an \u003cem\u003eindirect\u003c\/em\u003e application of Ps 106(105):23, by means of an allusion to Deut 9–10 in Rom 2:5–11. Secondarily, this study suggests that Paul’s argumentation exploits an intra-Jewish debate in which evocations of the golden calf figured prominently.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"De Gruyter","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57335328244056,"sku":"9783110347357","price":172.36,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0278\/1295\/4195\/files\/9783110347357.jpg?v=1780041659","url":"https:\/\/agendabookshop.com\/products\/evocations-of-the-calf","provider":"Agenda Bookshop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}