{"product_id":"uses-of-force-and-wilsonian-foreign-policy","title":"Uses of Force and Wilsonian Foreign Policy","description":"Frederick S. Calhoun examines the policies Woodrow Wilson pursued during the seven military interventions he undertook between 1914 and 1919 to develop a specialised vocabulary describing how force is employed as a function of international policy. Calhoun categorises uses of force in five ways: firstly, as protection: a government's resort to armed power in response to specific threats, real or perceived; secondly, as retribution: a government's resort to armed power to chastise another government or organised group operating within another country; thirdly, as solution: a government's resort to armed power to resolve a problem with another government or organised group operating in a foreign country; fourth, as introduction: a government's resort to armed power to compel or inaugurate negotiations with another government or organised group operating in a foreign company; and finally, as association: a government's resort to armed power to ally itself with specific governments or groups or in response to demands from its allies. This vocabulary allows for a concise description of most military interventions and presents comparative terms for analysing interventions within a larger context.","brand":"Kent State University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55331910222168,"sku":"9780873384643","price":26.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0278\/1295\/4195\/files\/9780873384643_93872deb-1679-43c6-b36c-5f1fd5d5a32a.jpg?v=1778672759","url":"https:\/\/agendabookshop.com\/products\/uses-of-force-and-wilsonian-foreign-policy","provider":"Agenda Bookshop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}