{"product_id":"vaḷḷalar-and-navalar","title":"Vaḷḷalār and Nāvalar: A History of the Literary Feud","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn the nineteenth century, Tamil Nadu in South India and the Tamil-speaking regions of Sri Lanka were shaken by an extraordinary literary and religious conflict—a nearly fifty-year-long battle of wits that divided vertically Tamil scholarship across both societies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt the heart of this storm lay the collected hymns of Vaḷḷalār, titled \u003cem\u003eTiruvaruṭpā \u003c\/em\u003e(Poems of Divine Grace) by his followers. However, these hymns were fiercely opposed and rejected by Nāvalar and his traditionalist allies, who dismissed them as \u003cem\u003eMaruṭpā \u003c\/em\u003e(Poems of Delusion), arguing that the sacred epithet \u003cem\u003eTiruvaruṭpā \u003c\/em\u003ebelonged solely to the ancient Saivite texts.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis historical study chronicles and delves into the bitter feud between Vaḷḷalār, the revolutionary saint-poet who championed a simple, ritual-free, and iconoclastic form of worship, and Āṟumuka Nāvalar, the staunch defender of traditional Saivite orthodoxy. Their ideological clash not only shaped the religious and literary landscape of their time but also left a lasting impact on Tamil culture and spirituality.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis Ltd","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56281031213400,"sku":"9781041117179","price":192.2,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0278\/1295\/4195\/files\/9781041117179_91dd42c9-eacc-4607-8307-026428d2a6fc.jpg?v=1778303762","url":"https:\/\/agendabookshop.com\/products\/va%e1%b8%b7%e1%b8%b7alar-and-navalar","provider":"Agenda Bookshop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}