{"product_id":"where-top-down-where-bottom-up","title":"Where Top-down, Where Bottom-up?","description":"The necessity for regional policy-makers to find a balance between shaping and adapting to structural change is well-known. But to what extent does this apply to a European strategy with a «soft» governance process relying largely on benchmarking and peer pressure – the Lisbon Strategy for Growth and Jobs? Paradigms for an increase of competitiveness – also regional competitiveness – spelled out so often and vigorously lose their degree of assertiveness, when turning to economic theory for their foundations. The authors – economists and political scientists with practical experience in EU institutions – deal in their contributions with different issues relevant for decision-makers in modern regional policy. By doing so, it is possible to challenge the seemingly established consensus on what is feasible in the EU and what is not.","brand":"Peter Lang AG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":54248494203224,"sku":"9783631572030","price":36.5,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0278\/1295\/4195\/files\/9783631572030_51ea3d41-a741-410a-918c-c29908ef0104.jpg?v=1765596640","url":"https:\/\/agendabookshop.com\/products\/where-top-down-where-bottom-up","provider":"Agenda Bookshop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}