{"product_id":"zephaniah-kingsley-jr-and-the-atlantic-world","title":"Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. and the Atlantic World","description":"\u003cstrong\u003eA biography of a controversial patriarch of a mixed-race family \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cp\u003eA  controversial figure for his views on manumission and his unorthodox  marital arrangements, Zephaniah Kingsley Jr. (1765-1843) is mostly known  today for his Fort George Island plantation in Duval County, Florida,  now a National Park Service site, and for his 1828 pamphlet, \u003cem\u003eA Treatise on the Patriarchal System of Society\u003c\/em\u003e,  that advocated just and humane treatment of enslaved persons, liberal  emancipation policies, and granting rights to free persons of color.  Paradoxically, his fortune came from the purchase, sale, and labor of  enslaved Africans.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this penetrating biography,  Daniel Schafer vividly chronicles Kingsley’s evolving thoughts on race  and slavery, exploring his business practices and his private life.  Kingsley fathered children by several enslaved women, then freed and  lived with them in a unique mixed-race family. One of the women—the only  one he acknowledged as his \"wife\" though they were never formally  married—was Anta Madgigine Ndiaye (Anna Kingsley), a member of the  Senegalese royal family, who was captured in a slave raid and purchased  by Kingsley in Havana, Cuba.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA ship captain, Caribbean  merchant, and Atlantic slave trader during the perilous years of  international warfare following the French Revolution, Kingsley sought  protection under neutral flags, changing allegiance from Britain to the  United States, Denmark, and Spain. Later, when the American acquisition  of Florida brought rigid race and slavery policies that endangered the  freedom of Kingsley’s mixed-race family, he responded by moving his  \"wives\" and children to a vast agricultural settlement in Haiti that he  established for free persons of color.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eKingsley’s  assertion that color should not be a \"badge of degradation\" made him  unusual in the early Republic. His unique life is revealed in this  fascinating reminder of the deep connections between Europe, the  Caribbean, and the young United States.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"University Press of Florida","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55805066051928,"sku":"9780813080789","price":25.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0278\/1295\/4195\/files\/9780813080789.jpg?v=1778571966","url":"https:\/\/agendabookshop.com\/products\/zephaniah-kingsley-jr-and-the-atlantic-world","provider":"Agenda Bookshop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}