Autocratic Middle Class

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A01=Bryn Rosenfeld
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Authoritarianism
Autocracy
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Bourgeoisie
Bureaucracy
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Capitalism
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Civil service
Clientelism
Communism
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Democracy
Democratization
Developed country
Developmental state
Economic development
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Government
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International studies
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Middle class
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Modernization theory
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Orange Revolution
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Political party
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Private sector
Privatization
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Public administration
Regime
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Rule of law
Salary
Social capital
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State (polity)
State capitalism
State ownership
State-owned enterprise
Statistical significance
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World Bank

Product details

  • ISBN 9780691192185
  • Dimensions: 156 x 235mm
  • Publication Date: 01 Dec 2020
  • Publisher: Princeton University Press
  • Publication City/Country: US
  • Product Form: Paperback
  • Language: English
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How middle-class economic dependence on the state impedes democratization and contributes to authoritarian resilience

Conventional wisdom holds that the rising middle classes are a force for democracy. Yet in post-Soviet countries like Russia, where the middle class has grown rapidly, authoritarianism is deepening. Challenging a basic tenet of democratization theory, Bryn Rosenfeld shows how the middle classes can actually be a source of support for autocracy and authoritarian resilience, and reveals why development and economic growth do not necessarily lead to greater democracy.

In pursuit of development, authoritarian states often employ large swaths of the middle class in state administration, the government budget sector, and state enterprises. Drawing on attitudinal surveys, unique data on protest behavior, and extensive fieldwork in the post-Soviet region, Rosenfeld documents how the failure of the middle class to gain economic autonomy from the state stymies support for political change, and how state economic engagement reduces middle-class demands for democracy and weakens prodemocratic coalitions.

The Autocratic Middle Class makes a vital contribution to the study of democratization, showing how dependence on the state weakens the incentives of key societal actors to prefer and pursue democracy.

Bryn Rosenfeld is assistant professor in the Department of Government at Cornell University.