Authoritarian Regimes and their Islamist Rivals

This book explores the political trajectories of various countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, tracing the shifts in party systems and regime transitions along a model-like trajectory that spans from revolutionism to authoritarianism and electoral Islamism.

Adopting a comparative perspective, this book places patterns of party formation and developments in authoritarian and semi-authoritarian systems within a historical and regional context. It argues that during distinct periods, such as the prevalence of nationalism in the 1920s pre-independence era, the flourishing of pan-Arabism in the 1950s, and the rise of Islamism in the 1970s, ideologies have played a pivotal role in shaping the political landscape. While secular nationalism initially wielded a significant influence on political, social, and cultural change in the MENA region, the author argues that political Islam emerged as its primary rival. Even as secular leaders in MENA guided their republics through top-down reforms to establish a unified national ideology, many (though not all) eventually incorporated Islam to address popular demands. This book’s key contribution lies in conceptualizing Islamism as a form of dialectical ideology.

This book offers an in-depth analysis of politics, party systems, and regime transitions in the MENA region. It is poised to resonate with students and researchers in political science, history, and Middle East studies.

Miaad A. Hassan specializes in comparative politics and international relations, having received a PhD in comparative politics from the University of Florida. Her research delves into critical areas of politics such as statebuilding, party systems, authoritarian politics, identity politics, contentious politics, ethnicity, nationalism, and democratization. She has held significant academic positions, serving as a Visiting Assistant Professor at the Department of Government and Law, Lafayette College, the American University in Kurdistan, Iraq, and as a Visiting Assistant Professor of International Relations at the United States Air Force Academy.