A01=Joe M. Richardson
A01=Maxine D. Jones
african american education
african american history
african americans
Author_Joe M. Richardson
Author_Maxine D. Jones
black education
black history
Category=JBSL
Category=JN
civil rights
desegregation
education
eq_bestseller
eq_isMigrated=1
eq_isMigrated=2
eq_nobargain
eq_non-fiction
eq_society-politics
higher education
jim crow
race
racial eqaulity
racial inequality
reconstruction
segregation
slavery
south
southern history
southern racial norms
Product details
- ISBN 9780817358488
- Weight: 475g
- Dimensions: 152 x 229mm
- Publication Date: 30 Sep 2015
- Publisher: The University of Alabama Press
- Publication City/Country: US
- Product Form: Paperback
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Education for Liberation completes the study Dr. Richardson published in 1986 as Christian Reconstruction: The American Missionary Association and Southern Blacks, 1861-1890 by continuing the account of the American Missionary Association (AMA) from the end of Reconstruction to the post-World War II era.
Even after the optimism of Reconstruction was shattered by violence, fraud, and intimidation and the white South relegated African Americans to segregated and disfranchised second-class citizenship, the AMA never abandoned its claim that blacks were equal in God’s sight, that any “backwardness” was the result of circumstance rather than inherent inferiority, and that blacks could and should become equal citizens with other Americans. The organization went farther in recognition of black ability, humanity, and aspirations than much of 19th and 20th century white America by publicly and consistently opposing lynching, segregation, disfranchisement, and discrimination.
The AMA regarded education as the means to full citizenship for African Americans and supported scores of elementary and secondary schools and several colleges at a time when private schooling offered almost the only chance for black youth to advance beyond the elementary grades. Such AMA schools, with their interracial faculties and advocacy for basic civil rights for black citizens, were a constant challenge to southern racial norms, and trained thousands of leaders in all areas of black life.
Even after the optimism of Reconstruction was shattered by violence, fraud, and intimidation and the white South relegated African Americans to segregated and disfranchised second-class citizenship, the AMA never abandoned its claim that blacks were equal in God’s sight, that any “backwardness” was the result of circumstance rather than inherent inferiority, and that blacks could and should become equal citizens with other Americans. The organization went farther in recognition of black ability, humanity, and aspirations than much of 19th and 20th century white America by publicly and consistently opposing lynching, segregation, disfranchisement, and discrimination.
The AMA regarded education as the means to full citizenship for African Americans and supported scores of elementary and secondary schools and several colleges at a time when private schooling offered almost the only chance for black youth to advance beyond the elementary grades. Such AMA schools, with their interracial faculties and advocacy for basic civil rights for black citizens, were a constant challenge to southern racial norms, and trained thousands of leaders in all areas of black life.
Joe M. Richardson is emeritus professor of History at Florida State University, USA, and author of African Americans in the Reconstruction of Florida, 1865-1877 and A History of Fisk University.
Maxine D. Jones is professor of History at Florida State University, USA, and is co-author of Talladega College.
Maxine D. Jones is professor of History at Florida State University, USA, and is co-author of Talladega College.
