Orientalismo En El Modernismo Hispanoamericano

Orientalismo en el modernismohispanoamericano, de Araceli Tinajero,es un novedoso estudio que analiza el modernismo en Latinoamérica desde unaperspectiva fresca y original. Lo que hace a este texto único es su enfoque enlas representaciones de las imágenes, los artefactos culturales y el pensamientooriental (principalmente japonés) en la escritura modernista. La autora hablajaponés y conoce la cultura del Japón. Con su conocimiento nos acerca a losescritores modernistas que eran cronistas o corresponsales y lograron llegar alLejano Oriente donde inventaron/construyeron una forma de exotismo que derivapero difiere del Orientalismo que propone Edward Said. En Asia esos escritoresdescubrieron que había un acercamiento cultural muy sutil (no europeo) entreLatinoamérica y el Oriente. El resultado de ese encuentro es único porquepresenta un paradigma diferente, un Orientalismo que se aleja de una miradaeuropea.

Basándoseen la etnografía, los estudios poscoloniales, la teoría literaria, la historiadel arte y la teoría de los relatos de viaje, Tinajero analiza diversos textosmodernistas y demuestra cómo la escritura "periférica" del modernismo escritadesde la modernidad occidental no es realmente marginal. El análisis de losartefactos culturales en los textos modernistas nos permite conocer el modernismomás a fondo y a comprender el encuentro cultural entre Oriente y Occidente. Esefenómeno sobre todo ofrece la alternativa de una visión del Oriente desde unaperspectiva enfáticamente hispanoamericana.

ElOrientalismo que propone Tinajero basándose en el estudio del modernismohispanoamericano es innovador y representa una invaluable contribución a losestudios críticos del modernismo latinoamericano.

Araceli Tinajero's Orientalismo en el modernismo hispanoamericano falls within the present revisionist trend with respect to Spanish American modernism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The text's uniqueness stems from its focus on allusions to images, artifacts, and thought from the East – primarily Japan – found in central and peripheral writings within the Spanish American movement. The author knows the Japanese language and culture and brings her knowledge to bear in her discussion of modernist writers who, chiefly as chroniclers and correspondents, made their way to the East and there invented/constructed a form of exoticism (Orientalism, following but diverging from Edward Said), while discovering affinities between non-European tendencies within their own American environment and Eastern culture. The result of this encounter was a unique, non-European Orientalism. Drawing on ethnography, postcolonial studies, literary theory, art history, and travel theory, Tinajero analyzes a selection of modernist texts to show how writing at the margin of Western modernism-modernity is at once within and without the mainstream. The examination of Oriental cultural artifacts in modernista texts contributes to our understanding of modernism, of the East-West encounter, and of the culturally specific configurations of these phenomena in South America. Tinajero's concept of Orientalism focused on Spanish American modernism is a fresh approach and represents a valuable contribution to Spanish American modernist scholarship.

Araceli Tinajero received her Ph.D. in Latin American Literature from Rutgers University and is a member of the Spanish and Portuguese faculty of Yale University. She has taught Latin American literature at Middlebury College and Japanese language at the University of Wales, U.K. She is also the co-founder of The Yale International Haiku Club. From her early childhood in Mexico City Tinajero had a profound interest in Japanese culture, and eventually decided to travel to Japan-where she lived for two years while she learned Japanese aesthetics, language, and literature.