A01=Susan L. Woodward
Accounting
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Author_Susan L. Woodward
Capitalism
Category=JPFF
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Central bank
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Communism
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Currency
Decentralization
Economic development
Economic growth
Economic planning
Economic policy
Economic power
Economics
Economist
Economy
Employment
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Ideology
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Labour law
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Legislation
Liberalization
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Market economy
Market socialism
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Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
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Surplus labour
Tariff
Tax
Trade union
Unemployment
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World War II
Yugoslavia
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Product details
- ISBN 9780691025513
- Weight: 652g
- Dimensions: 197 x 254mm
- Publication Date: 13 Aug 1995
- Publisher: Princeton University Press
- Publication City/Country: US
- Product Form: Paperback
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In the first political analysis of unemployment in a socialist country, Susan Woodward argues that the bloody conflicts that are destroying Yugoslavia stem not so much from ancient ethnic hatreds as from the political and social divisions created by a failed socialist program to prevent capitalist joblessness. Under Communism the concept of socialist unemployment was considered an oxymoron; when it appeared in postwar Yugoslavia, it was dismissed as illusory or as a transitory consequence of Yugoslavia's unorthodox experiments with worker-managed firms. In Woodward's view, however, it was only a matter of time before countries in the former Soviet bloc caught up with Yugoslavia, confronting the same unintended consequences of economic reforms required to bring socialist states into the world economy. By 1985, Yugoslavia's unemployment rate had risen to 15 percent. How was it that a labor-oriented government managed to tolerate so clear a violation of the socialist commitment to full employment?
Proposing a politically based model to explain this paradox, Woodward analyzes the ideology of economic growth, and shows that international constraints, rather than organized political pressures, defined government policy. She argues that unemployment became politically "invisible," owing to its redefinition in terms of guaranteed subsistence and political exclusion, with the result that it corrupted and ultimately dissolved the authority of all political institutions. Forced to balance domestic policies aimed at sustaining minimum standards of living and achieving productivity growth against the conflicting demands of the world economy and national security, the leadership inadvertently recreated the social relations of agrarian communities within a postindustrial society.
Susan L. Woodward is a Senior Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at The Brookings Institution.
