States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World
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Communism
Conspiracy theory
Corruption
Counter-insurgency
Crony capitalism
Cultural genocide
Debt crisis
Deforestation
Deforestation in Indonesia
Developed country
Developing country
Disaster
Ecological crisis
Economic inequality
Economic problem
Economic stagnation
Electoral fraud
Environmental degradation
Environmental disaster
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Ethnic conflict
Ethnic violence
Export restriction
Extreme poverty
Failed state
Financial crisis
Forced migration
Globalization
Great Recession
Human overpopulation
Imperialism
Insurgency
Kenya
Looting
Malthusian catastrophe
Malthusianism
Martial law
Natural resource
Overcrowding
People's war
Persecution
Political machine
Political Order in Changing Societies
Political violence
Politician
Population growth
Radicalization
Recession
Resource curse
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Scarcity
Scarcity (social psychology)
Security dilemma
Shortage
Sierra Leone Civil War
Spoils system
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Subversion
The Anarchical Society
The Coming Anarchy
Theory of International Politics
Underdevelopment
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Violent Struggle
War
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Why Nations Fail
Product details
- ISBN 9780691138350
- Weight: 539g
- Dimensions: 152 x 235mm
- Publication Date: 03 Aug 2008
- Publisher: Princeton University Press
- Publication City/Country: US
- Product Form: Paperback
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Over the past several decades, civil and ethnic wars have undermined prospects for economic and political development, destabilized entire regions of the globe, and left millions dead. States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World argues that demographic and environmental stress--the interactions among rapid population growth, environmental degradation, inequality, and emerging scarcities of vital natural resources--represents one important source of turmoil in today's world. Kahl contends that this type of stress places enormous strains on both societies and governments in poor countries, increasing their vulnerability to armed conflict. He identifies two pathways whereby this process unfolds: state failure and state exploitation. State failure conflicts occur when population growth, environmental degradation, and resource inequality weaken the capacity, legitimacy, and cohesion of governments, thereby expanding the opportunities and incentives for rebellion and intergroup violence.
State exploitation conflicts, in contrast, occur when political leaders themselves capitalize on the opportunities arising from population pressures, natural resource scarcities, and related social grievances to instigate violence that serves their parochial interests. Drawing on a wide array of social science theory, this book argues that demographically and environmentally induced conflicts are most likely to occur in countries that are deeply split along ethnic, religious, regional, or class lines, and which have highly exclusive and discriminatory political systems. The empirical portion of the book evaluates the theoretical argument through in-depth case studies of civil strife in the Philippines, Kenya, and numerous other countries. The book concludes with an analysis of the challenges demographic and environmental change will pose to international security in the decades ahead.
Colin Kahl is assistant professor in the Securities Studies Program at Georgetown University's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, and a fellow at the Center for a New American Security. He is also a consultant for the Political Instability Task Force and the Department of Defense.
