Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income
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A01=and Medicine
A01=Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications
A01=Committee on Population
A01=Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II
A01=Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education
A01=Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
A01=Engineering
A01=National Academies of Sciences
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and Medicine
Author_and Medicine
Author_Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications
Author_Committee on Population
Author_Committee on the Long-Run Macroeconomic Effects of the Aging U.S. Population--Phase II
Author_Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education
Author_Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
Author_Engineering
Author_National Academies of Sciences
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Engineering
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Language_English
PA=Available
Price_€50 to €100
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Product details
- ISBN 9780309317078
- Dimensions: 152 x 229mm
- Publication Date: 17 Sep 2015
- Publisher: National Academies Press
- Publication City/Country: US
- Product Form: Paperback
- Language: English
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The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others.
This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers.
