Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: Final Report
English
By (author): and Medicine Board on Energy and Environmental Systems Committee on Assessment of Technologies and Approaches for Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences Engineering National Academies of Sciences Phase Two Transportation Research Board
Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. This study is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs.
On September 15, 2011, NHTSA and EPA finalized joint Phase I rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. As NHTSA and EPA began working on a second round of standards, the National Academies issued another report, Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report, providing recommendations for the Phase II standards. This third and final report focuses on a possible third phase of regulations to be promulgated by these agencies in the next decade.
Table of Contents- Front Matter
- Summary
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Setting the Stage: Regulatory Horizons, Challenges, and Influences
- 3 Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement
- 4 Powertrain Technologies
- 5 Technologies for Reducing the Power Demand of MHDVs
- 6 Projected Benefits of Technologies on Fuel Consumption
- 7 Hybrid and Electric Powertrain Technologies
- 8 Battery Technology for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
- 9 Freight Operational Efficiency
- 10 Intelligent Transportation Systems and Automation
- 11 Manufacturing Considerations
- 12 Costs and Benefits
- 13 Alternative and Complementary Regulatory Approaches
- Appendix A: Committee Biographies
- Appendix B: Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest
- Appendix C: Committee Activities
- Appendix D: Summary of Analysis of Engine and Vehicle Combinations
- Appendix E: Description of Drive Cycles Used for Compliance
- Appendix F: Summary of Committee's First Report: Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report
- Appendix G: Acronyms and Abbreviations